Evolutionary divergence of duplicated genomes in newly described allotetraploid cottons

作者：棉花生物学国家重点实验室 日期：2023-01-13 访问量：

Renhai Peng, Yanchao Xu, Shilin Tian, Turgay Unver, Zhen Liu, Zhongli Zhou, Xiaoyan Cai, Kunbo Wang, Yangyang Wei, Yuling Liu, Heng Wang, Guanjing Hu, Zhongren Zhang, Corrinne E. Grover, Yuqing Hou, Yuhong Wang, Pengtao Li, Tao Wang, Quanwei Lu, Yuanyuan Wang, Justin L. Conover, Hassan Ghazal, Qinglian Wang, Baohong Zhang, Marc Van Montagu, Yves Van de Peer, Jonathan F. Wendel, Fang Liu

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Doi: 10.1073/pnas.2208496119

Abstract：

Allotetraploid cotton (Gossypium) species represents a model system for the study of plant polyploidy, molecular evolution, and domestication. Here, chromosome-scale genome sequences were obtained and assembled for two recently described wild species of tetraploid cotton, Gossypium ekmanianum [(AD)6, Ge] and Gossypium stephensii [(AD)7, Gs], and one early form of domesticated Gossypium hirsutum, race punctatum [(AD)1, Ghp]. Based on phylogenomic analysis, we provide a dated whole-genome level perspective for the evolution of the tetraploid Gossypium clade and resolved the evolutionary relationships of Gs, Ge, and domesticated G. hirsutum. We describe genomic structural variation that arose during Gossypium evolution and describe its correlates—including phenotypic differentiation, genetic isolation, and genetic convergence—that contributed to cotton biodiversity and cotton domestication. Presence/absence variation is prominent in causing cotton genomic structural variations. A presence/absence variation-derived gene encoding a phosphopeptide-binding protein is implicated in increasing fiber length during cotton domestication. The relatively unimproved Ghp offers the potential for gene discovery related to adaptation to environmental challenges. Expanded gene families enoyl-CoA δ isomerase 3 and RAP2-7 may have contributed to abiotic stress tolerance, possibly by targeting plant hormone-associated biochemical pathways. Our results generate a genomic context for a better understanding of cotton evolution and for agriculture.